1
¸Ãͬ־ÔÚ¿¼²ìÆÚÄÚ£¬×ÔÎÒ·¢Õ¹Îȶ¨£¬Ò»·½ÃæÈÏÕæ²Î¼Óµ³Ö§²¿µÄ¸÷Ïî»î¶¯£¬ŒWÁ•µ³µÄ¸÷Ïî·½ÕëÕþ²ßÀíÂÛ£¬Ó¦ÓÃÏȽøµÄ·½·¨ÂÛÖ¸µ¼Êµ¼ù£¬ÔÚÀíÂÛÉϲ»¶Ï³äʵÍêÉÆ×Ô¼º¹ØÐÄʱÊ¡£
ÁíÒ»·½ÃæÔÚŒWÁ•Éú»îµ±ÖÐÓÃÒ»Ãû¹²²úµ³Ô±µÄ±ê×¼ÑϸñÒªÇó×Ô¼º£¬ÍŽáͬ־£¬È«ÃæŒWÁ•¡£
×ÛºÏÈ«·½ÃæÍû³ÖÖ®ÒԺ㣬¼ÌÐø·¢Ñï¡£
2
¸Ãͬ־×ÔÏòµ³×éÖ¯µÝ½»Èëµ³ÉêÇëÊéÒÔÀ´£¬Äܹ»Ïòµ³×éÖ¯¿¿Â££¬ÈÏÕæÀí½âµ³×éÖ¯µÄÅàÑøÓ뿼²ì£¬Ö÷¶¯²Î¼Ó¸÷Ïî»î¶¯£¬ŒWÁ•̬¶È¶ËÕý£¬³É¼¨ÓÅÐ㣬¹ØÐÄͬÊ£¬ÎªÍ¬Ê·þÎñµÄÒâʶ²»¶ÏÔöÇ¿£¬ÔÚ¹«Ë¾ÇàÄêÖÐÆðµ½ÁËÏÈ·æÄ£·¶×÷Ó᣽ñºóÓ¦¸ü¼ÓÑϸñÒªÇó×ÔÎÒ£¬²»¶Ï¸ÄÕý²»×㣬ÕùÈ¡Ìá¸ß¡£
¾¹ýÒ»Äêʱ¼äµÄ¿¼²ì£¬¸Ãͬ־˼ÏëÈÏʶºÍÕþÖξõÎòÌá¸ßºÜ¿ì£¬²»¶Ï¶ËÕý×ÔÎÒµÄÈëµ³¶¯»ú£¬ÔÚ¹¤×÷Éú»îÖÐÖ÷¶¯ÏòͬÊÂÐû´«µ³µÄ·Ïߣ¬·½Õ룬Õþ²ß£¬ÔÚͬÊÂÖеÄÍþÐŽøÒ»²½ÔöÇ¿£¬ÄܽøÈ¡Ö÷¶¯µØ¸ÄÕý×ÔÉí´æÔڵIJ»×㣬ŬÁ¦ŒWÁ•£¬Ì¤Êµ¹¤×÷£¬È¡µÃÁËÃ÷ÏÔÌá¸ß¡£
¾¹ýÈÏÕæ¿¼²ìºÍÈ«ÃæºâÁ¿£¬ÎÒÃÇÈÏΪ¸Ãͬ־ÒѾ߱¸µ³Ô±Ìõ¼þ²¢Ô¸Òâ½éÉܸÃͬ־¼ÓÈëÖйú¹²²úµ³¡£
3
½ü¶Îʱ¼ä¸Ãͬ־½øÈ¡²Î¼ÓÕþÖÎŒWÁ•£¬¾³£Ö÷¶¯Õ÷Çóµ³ÄÚÍâȺÖÚµÄÒâ¼û£¬²»¶Ï¸ÄÉÆ×ÔÎҵŤ×÷¡£ŒWÁ•ÉϽøÈ¡Å¬Á¦µÃµ½´ó¼ÒµÄ¿Ï¶¨ºÍºÃÆÀ¡£Í¬Ê±Ö÷¶¯×öÆäËûͬѧµÄ˼ÏëÕþÖι¤×÷£¬±íÏֱȽÏÍ»³ö¡£
²»×ãÖ®´¦£ºÁªÏµÈºÖÚ»¹²»¹»¹ã·º¡£
ÆÚÍû½ñºó¼ÓǿͬȺÖÚµÄÁªÏµ£¬¼ÓÇ¿×ÔÉíµÄÐÞÑø£¬¸ÄÉÆ¹¤×÷·½·¨¡£
4
¸Ãͬ־±¾¼¾¶ÈÈÏÕæŒWÁ•Á˵³µÄÐÔÖÊ¡¢¸ÙÁì¡¢·¢Õ¹Àú³ÌºÍ×÷·çµÈ»ù±¾ÀíÂÛ֪ʶ¡£Í¨¹ýŒWÁ•£¬¶ÔÖйú¹²²úµ³ÓÐÁ˸üÈ«Ãæ£¬¸üÉî²ã´ÎµÄÀí½âºÍÈÏʶ¡£½øÒ»²½¶ËÕýÁËÈëµ³¶¯»ú£¬¹²²úÖ÷ÒåÐÅÑö¸ü¼ÓµÄ¼á¶¨¡£ŒWÁ•ÉÏ£¬¿Ì¿àŬÁ¦£¬×·ÇóÉϽø£¬½²¾¿·½·¨£¬³É¼¨ÃûÁÐǰé¡£¹¤×÷·½Ã棬×÷ΪһÃûŒWÁ•ίԱ£¬ÔÚ±£Ö¤¸öÈ˳ɼ¨ÓÅÐãµÄͬʱ£¬Äܹ»¾¡Ðľ¡Á¦µÄÍê³ÉºÃ±¾Ö°¹¤×÷£¬°ïÖúͬѧһÆðÌá¸ßŒWÁ•³É¼¨£¬¶Ô´ý¹¤×÷ÈÏÕæ¸ºÔð¡£
Éú»îÖУ¬ÍŽáͬѧ£¬Æ½Ò×½üÈË£¬×¢ÒâÆ½Ê±Óëͬѧ֮¼äµÄ½»Á÷£¬ÔÚÌá¸ß¸öÈËÐÞÑøµÄͬʱÄܹ»´ø¶¯Éí±ßͬѧһͬ½ø²½¡£È±µãÊÇÐÔ¸ñ±È½ÏҪǿ£¬ÓÐʱ¹ýÓÚ×·ÇóÍêÃÀµÄ̬¶ÈÈÝÒ׸ø±ðÈËÔì³ÉÎÞÐεÄѹÁ¦¡£
5
¸Ãͬ־ÈÏÕæŒWÁ•µ³µÄÏȽøË¼ÏëÀíÂÛÓë·½ÕëÕþ²ß£¬»ý¼«Ïòµ³×éÖ¯¿¿Â££¬»ý¼«±íÏÖ£¬ÓÃÏȽøµÄÀíÂÛÖ¸µ¼Êµ¼ù£¬Äܹ»½ÏºÃµÄÁªÏµÈºÖÚ£¬±¾×ÅÈ«ÐÄÈ«ÒâΪÈËÃñ·þÎñµÄ×ÚÖ¼£¬ÈÈÐÄÖúÈË¡£ËýÄÜŬÁ¦°´ÕÕÒ»Ãû¹²²úµ³Ô±µÄ±ê×¼ÑϸñÒªÇó×Ô¼º£¬ÓкÜÇ¿µÄ×ÔÎÒÌáÉýÒâʶ¡£ÔÚרҵ¿Î³ÌµÄ.ŒWÁ•Öп̿àŬÁ¦£¬ÓÐÃ÷È·µÄŒWÁ•Ä¿±ê£¬ŒWÁ•³É¼¨ÓÅÒ죬ÔÚͬѧµ±ÖÐÊ÷Á¢ÁËÁ¼ºÃµÄ°ñÑù¡£
Ôڰ༶ºÍѧԺ¹¤×÷Öо¡Ðľ¡Ôð£¬×öºÃ±¾Ö°¹¤×÷£¬Êܵ½ÀÏʦͬѧµÄÒ»ÖÂºÃÆÀ¡£È±µãÊDz»°®ÓëÈ˽»Á÷£¬´ýÈ˽ÓÎï²»¹»ÈÈÇ鿪ÀÊ£¬È±·¦ÆÇÁ¦ºÍ´´Ð¾«Éñ£¬Ê±¼ä°²ÅŲ»¹»ºÏÀí¡£
6
¾¹ý½ü¶Î¿¼²ì¸Ãͬ־½Ïǰ¶ÎÓиü´óµÄ½ø²½£¬Ëû»ý¼«ŒWÁ•Èý¸ö´ú±íÖØÒªË¼ÏëµÄÉî¿ÌÄÚº£¬ÔÚŒWÁ•Éú»îÖÐÓÃÒ»Ãû¹²²úµ³Ô±µÄ±ê×¼ÑϸñÒªÇó×Ô¼º£¬ÍŽáͬѧ£¬ÈȰ®Éú»î£¬ÔÚͬѧµ±ÖÐÊ÷Á¢ÁËÁ¼ºÃµÄµä·¶¡£
ÔÚ½ñºóµÄŒWÁ•µ±ÖÐӦעÒâÅàÑø¶ÀÁ¢Ë¼¿¼µÄÄÜÁ¦£¬¶à¹Ø×¢Ê±Ê£¬ÕþÖÎÃôÈñÐÔÓë°ÑÎÕ´ó¾ÖµÄÄÜÁ¦Óдý¼ÓÇ¿¡£
7
½ü¶Îʱ¼ä¸Ãͬ־»ý¼«²Î¼ÓÕþÖÎŒWÁ•£¬¾³£Ö÷¶¯Õ÷Çóµ³ÄÚÍâȺÖÚµÄÒâ¼û£¬²»¶Ï¸Ä½ø×Ô¼ºµÄ¹¤×÷¡£ŒWÁ•ÉÏ»ý¼«Å¬Á¦µÃµ½´ó¼ÒµÄ¿Ï¶¨ºÍºÃÆÀ¡£Í¬Ê±Ö÷¶¯×öÆäËûͬѧµÄ˼ÏëÕþÖι¤×÷£¬±íÏֱȽÏÍ»³ö¡£
²»×ãÖ®´¦£ºÁªÏµÈºÖÚ»¹²»¹»¹ã·º¡£Ï£Íû½ñºó¼ÓǿͬȺÖÚµÄÁªÏµ£¬¼ÓÇ¿×ÔÉíµÄÐÞÑø£¬¸Ä½ø¹¤×÷·½·¨¡£
8
¸Ãͬ־ÔÚÕþÖÎ˼ÏëÉÏ×Ô¾õµØÍ¬ÒÔ*ͬ־Ϊ*µÄ*±£³ÖÒ»Ö£¬¼á³ÖËÄÏî»ù±¾ÔÔò£¬×¢ÒâŒWÁ•ÂíÁÐÖ÷Ò塢˼Ïë¡¢ÀíÂÛ¡¢¡°Èý¸ö´ú±í¡±ÖØÒªË¼ÏëºÍµ³µÄ»ù±¾ÖªÊ¶£¬¶Ôµ³µÄÈÏʶÕýÈ·£¬Èëµ³¶¯»ú¶ËÕý¡£¸Ãͬ־˼ÏëÆ·µÂ¶ËÕý£¬ŒWÁ•¿Ì¿à£¬ÍŽáͬ־£¬¶Ôµ³ÖÒ³ÏÀÏʵ£¬ÎªÈËÕýÅÉ£¬Æ½Ê±Äܹ»ÑϸñÒªÇó×Ô¼º£¬Å¬Á¦¿Ë·þȱµã£¬ÔÚ¹¤×÷Öз¢»Ó¹Ç¸É´øÍ·×÷Óá£È±µãÊÇ£º¹¤×÷Öмƻ®ÐÔºÍϸÖÂÐÔ²»¹»¡£Óõ³Õ¹涨µÄ±ê×¼È«ÃæºâÁ¿¸Ãͬ־£¬ÎÒÈÏΪËûÒѾ߱¸Á˹²²úµ³Ô±µÄÌõ¼þ£¬ÎÒÔ¸½éÉܸÃͬ־¼ÓÈëÖйú¹²²úµ³¡£
9
¸Ãͬ־¶Ôµ³ÓÐÕýÈ·ÈÏʶ£¬¼áÐŹ²²úÖ÷ÒåÒ»¶¨Äܹ»ÊµÏÖ£¬²¢¾öÐÄΪ֮·Ü¶·ÖÕÉí¡£ËûÔÚ´óÊÇ´ó·ÇÃæÇ°Á¢³¡¼á¶¨¡¢ÆìÖÄÏÊÃ÷¡£Æ½Ê±Äܹ»ÑϸñÒªÇó×Ô¼º£¬ÄÜÕýÈ·´¦ÀíÕûÌåÀûÒæºÍ¸öÈËÀûÒæÖ®¼äµÄ¹ØÏµ£¬±íÏÖ³öÁ˽ϸߵÄ˼Ïë¾õÎò¡£±¾Ö°¹¤×÷ºÍ×éÖ¯ÉϽ»¸øµÄÆäËüÈÎÎñ¶¼Íê³ÉµÃ½ÏΪ³öÉ«¡£È±µãÊǹ¤×÷ÖÐÓÐʱÓÐЩ´ÖÐÄ¡£
×ܵÄ˵À´£¬ÎÒÈÏΪ¸Ãͬ־ÒѾ߱¸Á˹²²úµ³Ô±µÄÌõ¼þ£¬ÎÒÔ¸Òâ×÷ËûµÄÈëµ³½éÉÜÈË¡£
10
¸Ãͬ־ÔÚÕþÖÎÉÏ×Ô¾õͬ*±£³ÖÒ»Ö£¬ÄÜÈÏÕæŒWÁ•ÂíÁÐÖ÷Ò塢˼ÏëºÍÀíÂÛ£¬¶Ôµ³ÈÏʶÃ÷È·£¬Èëµ³¶¯»ú¶ËÕý£¬¹¤×÷ÉÏ£¬Äܰ´µ³Ô±±ê×¼ÑϸñÒªÇó×Ô¼º£¬¹¤×÷¾«ÒæÇ󾫣¬ÓÐÍüÎÒ¾«Éñ¡£Ë¼ÏëÆ·µÂ¶ËÕý£¬ÍŽáͬ־£¬ÎªÈËÕýÖ±½ó»³Ì¹°×£¬¶Ôµ³ÖÒ³ÏÀÏʵ£¬³õ²½È·Á¢ÁËΪ¹²²úÖ÷ÒåÊÂÒµ·Ü¶·ÖÕÉúµÄÐÅÄî¡£¹¤×÷»ý¼«Ö÷¶¯£¬¿ÏÓڳԿ࣬ÓнÏÇ¿µÄ¾´Òµ¾«Éñ¡£
(Ò»).Àϵ³Ô±¶ÔÔ¤±¸µ³Ô±×ªÕýÒâ¼ûÆÀÓïÔõôд°Ëƪ
(¶þ).Ô¤±¸µ³Ô±×ªÕýÓÅȱµãÒâ¼ûÆÀÓïËÄÆª
(Èý).¶ÔÔ¤±¸µ³Ô±¿¼²ìÇé¿öÆÀÓO½õ
Ö÷Ҫȱµã£ºÓÐʱ¹¤×÷·½·¨¼òµ¥£¬Ì¬¶ÈÓÐʱÉúÓ²¡£
Óõ³Õ¹涨µÄ±ê×¼È«ÃæºâÁ¿£¬ÎÒÈÏΪ¸Ãͬ־ÒÑ»ù±¾¾ß±¸µ³Ô±Ìõ¼þ£¬ÎÒÔ¸½éÉÜËý¼ÓÈëÖйú¹²²úµ³¡£